JAMA Clinical Reviews

The incidence of gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes in pregnancy is increasing and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Denice Feig, MD MSc, professor of medicine at the University of Toronto and Head of the Diabetes and Endocrine in Pregnancy Program at Mount Sinai Hospital, talks with JAMA Associate Editor Tracy A. Lieu, MD, MPH, about metformin for diabetes in pregnancy.

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• Metformin for Diabetes in Pregnancy

Deaths during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period have increased in the US over the past several years, and approximately 80% of these deaths are considered preventable. JAMA Senior Editor Kristin L. Walter, MD, MS, speaks with Sadiya S. Khan, MD, MSc, from Northwestern University about the importance of monitoring and improving cardiovascular health during the postpartum period.

Related Content:

• Cardiovascular Health in the Postpartum Period

Obesity affects approximately 42% of adults in the US. Multiple strategies are available to treat obesity, including behavior therapies, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and bariatric surgery. Therapies vary in effectiveness and risks. JAMA Deputy Editor Mary McGrae McDermott, MD, discusses evidence-based obesity treatment with Melanie Jay, MD, MS, New York University Grossman School of Medicine.

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• Obesity Management in Adults
• As Semaglutide’s Popularity Soars, Rare but Serious Adverse Effects Are Emerging
• FDA Green-Lights Tirzepatide, Marketed as Zepbound, for Chronic Weight Management

Critical bleeding is associated with a high mortality rate in patients with trauma. JAMA Associate Editor Christopher W. Seymour, MD, MSc, discuses the results of the CRYOSTAT-2 trial with Nicola Curry, MD, Oxford University Hospitals, and Ross Davenport, PhD, Centre for Trauma Sciences, UK.

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• Early and Empirical High-Dose Cryoprecipitate for Hemorrhage After Traumatic Injury

In July 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first oral contraceptive pill (Opill) that will be available without a prescription. JAMA Senior Editor Kristin Walter, MD, MS, spoke with JAMA Associate Editor Melissa A. Simon, MD, MPH, about the use, effectiveness, and potential side effects of Opill.

Related Content:

• Over-the-Counter Progestin-Only Oral Contraceptives

Interview with John M. Ruiz, PhD, USPSTF member and coauthor of Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years, and Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statements. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS.

Related Content:

• Screening, Referral, Behavioral Counseling, and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years
• Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Children and Adolescents Aged 5 to 17 Years
• Screening and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Adults
• A Call for More Oral Health Research in Primary Care
• Dental Caries in Adults, Adolescents, and Children
• Screening, Referral, Behavioral Counseling, and Preventive Interventions for Oral Health in Adults

Approximately 5% of all primary care visits are related to knee pain. Osteoarthritis (OA), patellofemoral pain syndrome, and meniscal tears are among the most common causes of knee pain. JAMA Senior Editor Karen Lasser, MD, MPH, speaks with David Hunter, MD, PhD, from the University of Sydney, about common causes and first-line treatment of knee pain.

Related Content:

• Evaluation and Treatment of Knee Pain
• Clinical Examination for Diagnosing Meniscal Tears

Hyperthyroidism affects 2.5% of adults worldwide and, if untreated, is associated with osteoporosis, heart rhythm abnormalities, heart failure, and increased mortality. JAMA Associate Editor Anne Cappola, MD, speaks with Elizabeth N. Pearce, MD, MSc, of Boston University, about the most common causes, symptoms, and first-line treatments for hyperthyroidism.

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• Hyperthyroidism

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis have recently gotten attention as ways to prevent sexually transmitted infections. JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ, discusses postexposure prophylaxis using doxycycline (doxyPEP), with Kenneth H. Mayer, MD, professor of medicine and global health at Harvard and medical research director at Fenway Health in Boston.

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• Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Vasomotor symptoms are common during menopause and may have substantial negative effects on quality of life. JAMA Senior Editor Linda Brubaker, MD, MS, discusses nonhormonal therapies for menopausal vasomotor symptoms with Susan D. Reed, MD, MPH, MS, professor emeritus at the University of Washington and president and CEO of The North American Menopause Society.

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• Nonhormonal Therapies for Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms